However, failure to use analysis tools in electronics is almost always detrimental. Luckily, no one was hurt, unless you count my stomach ache from all of the laughter. I begin pedaling for dear life while I hear a few screams behind me followed by some intense growling from a Doberman. It was like a scene from Cujo, except it seemed to be in slow motion like the Matrix. As I witnessed this disaster waiting to happen safely perched on my 21-speed road bike, it happened. However, despite my warnings and the multitude of highly visible warning signs, he decides to open the gate and attempt to make his quota (a fundraiser for uniforms). Exhibit B, large sign, “Beware of dog.” Finally, exhibit C, front yard completely fenced. I recall an incident where my best friend from high school failed to do his proper analysis despite seeing all of the warning signs. Moreover, it is our analysis skills that usually keeps us safe, provided we actually use it. In essence, it is the process by which we discover or obtain a greater understanding of a person, place, or thing. By further attempting to reduce conservatism through DNV-RP-F109 and an OrcaFlex model, it was found that the second region remained unstable under the three hour storm conditions.The word analysis garners both provocations of thought and represents the epitome of illumination in terms of understanding. The benefitsīy verifying pipeline stability based on the as-built concrete coating thickness against the original stability design code, DNV-RP-E305, it was possible to conservatively determine that one of the regions was stable. Therefore, recommendations were made to investigate the condition of the unstable pipeline region. However, a regular wave analysis using Stokes 5th wave theory showed the pipeline as stable for waves smaller than the hundred year significant wave height combined with the ten year maximum current. This showed the pipeline was unstable using these extreme storm conditions. To further reduce conservatism, an OrcaFlex analysis was performed by modelling a 1km section of the pipeline and applying the hundred year significant wave and ten year current using an irregular wave analysis (JONSWAP wave spectrum), which simulated a three hour storm. This showed the region was still unstable, despite the reduction in conservatism between the design codes. Stability was re-assessed using the revised water depth which showed the region to be stable.įor the remaining unstable 5km region, the stability analysis was re-assessed using the generalised lateral stability and absolute lateral stability methods outlined in DNV-RP-F109. The design calculations showed that the worst case environmental loading was the hundred year wave and then year current combination.īased on the concrete coating thickness recorded in the final survey report, two regions (one 3km and another 5km region) of the pipeline were found to be unstable.įor the 3km region, it was found that the as-laid water depth was greater than that used in the design. The on-bottom stability analysis was performed according to the simplified stability analysis method outlined in DNV-FP-E305 'On-Bottom Stability Design of Submarine Pipelines', the same methodology used in the original design. The as-built concrete coating thickness stated in the final survey report differed from the thickness given in the coating specification, therefore a re-assessment of stability was required. Assessment of pipeline on-bottom stability to DNV-RP-E305 and DNV-RP-F109 The scopeĪ major operator asked us to undertake a stability analysis of a 20" trunkline to ensure the pipeline was stable.
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